This is a letter that I am writing to my friend Bobby who asked me a question about frame dragging and the experiment to be put into orbit to determine if frame dragging occurs.  It does.

Dear Bobby,

I'm sorry that it has taken me so long to get back to you on your question regarding frame dragging and the article that you gave me. If you remember, some scientists are going to send an experiment into orbit aboard a satellite to determine if frame dragging is real. You gave me this article because you knew I was studying gravity and this article does go to the very heart of space and time. Thus, it didn't take me long to understand this phenomenon, but understanding it enough to explain it to others is a different matter. I have spent this time thinking about the best way to explain to everyone what exactly is happening. But realize that all of human knowledge is about the process of building models to represent those things that are real. So a model used to explain things to a "lay" person may be different than that given to a mathematician, although if I am good enough, I can give the same to both. So here is the explanation.

The entirety of the philosophy of space and time revolves around a very simple concept. The concept is thus: For any thing to exist, it must have, as a minimum, something to define its identity and something to define its relationship to other things that exist. Thus mass has the job of identifying particular "points" in space, and gravity has the job of defining the "space" that exists between points. Nature uses energy to make both mass and gravity, thus all things are made of energy, some of which is stored in the mass and some of which is stored in the gravity and some of which is usually traversing the gravitational system in an effort to equalize the system. The "power" for all systems arises as gravity continually extracts energy from mass and changes that energy to connections of gravity called gravions. Thus the order of any universe is always increasing and the gravionic model, as compared to traditional science that thinks that entropy is increasing, has, in effect, reversed entropy.

But how does this relate to frame bending. The problem comes about because mankind has decided that "the world" is Euclidean and has "straight lines." The gravionic model shows that mankind has straight lines, but these only exist in regions of space that are near zero, or places like the planet Earth. When one gets near a black hole or even a large star, space is bent by gravity and staight lines become harder and harder to find. At least Einstein thought that space was bent by gravity. What the gravionic model shows is that space is not bent by gravity, but that space is defined by gravity. The "space" that exists between every two masses is defined by the individual and discrete connections of gravity that occur between those masses. Other gravions reach out and make connections and define the large spaces between large bodies such as black holes and galaxies and stars.

Since the job of gravity is to define the space between masses, and since all real events must involve gravity and since many "things" within this system move at or near the speed of light, then gravity must make its connections at a faster rate. Gravity represents the coordinate system of nature. When mankind wants to make "a little universe," he gets himself a piece of paper and draws a coordinate system on it and then he plots his points and does his math and makes his models about how the system works. But when nature makes a coordinate system, "she" doesn't have a piece of paper to start with. Every particle has to be able to define the world in relationship to itself. This is where the whole concept of relativity comes from. Nature forms its coordinate system when gravity takes energy from mass and makes more connections of gravity and time passes. Time is merely the connecting or the reconnecting of gravions. When connections are not changing, time is not changing for that "thing." So space is the connections of gravity and time is the changing of those connections. That's easy enough, isn't it?

But I guess you still want to know how this relates to frame dragging. Remember that when man wants to keep track of something, he assumes that the world is Euclidean and that the world has all these nice right angles and straight lines. But nature knows no such thing. There are some straight lines in nature, but for all big things, nature uses advertising gravions and they come in giant looping shapes and thus are many times not straight. And besides, sometimes they bend and that is where we get frame dragging.

The gravionic model shows that there are discrete connections between masses and I think common sense sides with me. "Modern" science thinks of gravity as some kind of sheet or something and doesn't realize that gravity is digital in nature, either connected or not. Here is a thought experiment to prove this point. Imagine an asteroid that is far away from Earth. It has no connections of gravity with the Earth but if it comes close enough it might form some. If we look at the Earth and we look at the asteroid, we see that each would have a gravitational field that "stuck out" from each a distance that would be proportional to the mass of the object. The gravitational field of the Earth would be larger than the asteroid, but the gravitational field of the sun is larger than the Earth. So at some point, the asteroid comes near the Earth and the longest gravions of the Earth and the longest gravions of the asteroid would touch and connect and would exert a small gravitational tug to pull the objects towards each other. Now two possibilities exist once these two objects make initial connections. One is that the object has so much energy and its path is such that it will continue past the Earth and will then break those connections of gravity that it once made with the Earth. The other situation is that the direction and energy are such that more and more connections of gravity are made and the asteroid is "caught" in the Earth's gravitational field and the asteroid is "captured." An object in orbit around the Earth represents a compromise between the two situations. In orbit, the number of connections between a satellite and the Earth, would remain virtually constant. But the actual connections between the two bodies would be changing constantly. Only when the satellite is directly overhead, do connections form directly between the satellite and the surface of the Earth below the satellite. There would be no connections between the satellite and some point on the opposite surface of the Earth.

To understand frame dragging, you thus must understand the philosophy of why it occurs. The phenomenon comes because of the difference between the way that nature keeps track of things and the way that mankind keeps track of things. Nature uses gravions that are continually connecting and reconnecting as the object goes by. These connections are apart of the entire gravitational system and their overall strength is always proportional to the overall size of the masses that combine to form the body in question. So these gravions are in effect "bent" as they hold on to an object in orbit. They take time to connect and reconnect and each one connects as the object is "directly" over head. But gravion holds on a little longer before it lets go and thus it is "bent" slightly, if you compare it to the imaginary Euclidean system that mankind has defined on our low gravity planet. This is where the problem comes to focus. Mankind has made his satellites and his mathematics and all under the assumptions that nature is Euclidean and that gravity has an infinite speed. Once you realize that nature doesn't have to be Euclidean and that gravity must use some finite speed that is faster than the speed of light when making its connections.

Here is a picture to help make things easier to understand. Imagine the line across the bottom of the picture is the surface of the planet Earth and the dot on this line would represent the mass to which the gravion is connected. The gravion is the line that curves up and to the left. The vertical straight line would represent the Euclidean coordinate system. At the top we see two "dots." One is at the top of the straight line and would represent the imaginary situation that Euclidean geometry would try to convince us exists. The curving line represents frame dragging as we can see that the "dot" is not exactly about the bottom dot, but is slightly offset.

The reason we have frame dragging is because nature uses one set of rules and assumptions as it keeps track of things through the connections of gravions. But mankind uses another set of rules and assumptions as he keeps track of things. Lets examine the differences. Nature has to keep track of everything and it has to do it from the inside out. In other words, each mass must define the space that it occupies by extending gravions out from itself. As particles grow larger, they control more space by extending their gravions and thus the space of each particle becomes larger. But there must a finite speed that these gravions extend and connect and disconnect and I have proposed that the speed of gravity is the speed of light squared. Even though the speed of gravity is very fast, each connection or disconnection of gravions must require some small amount of time and this actually becomes the definition of time. Time is the changing of the connections of gravity. So as the planet Earth's gravions are "keeping" track of the moon, connections of gravity are constantly being made and then disconnected as the moon speeds by overhead. We can prove this since we can examine the tides and see that the water directly beneath the moon has the strongest pull and so the water rises beneath the moon all over the Earth. But only specific molecules of water are affected, indicating to me that there are individual connections being made and broken as the moon goes by.

But what about the way mankind keeps track of the same moon? Mankind assumes that there can exist straight lines between the Earth and the moon and that some how we can use those straight lines in our calculations. But remember that math is only a model of the real event and the mathematics must make some assumptions. The assumption they have made is that the speed of gravity is infinite, since for all practical purposes, all of mankind's calculations assume that the speed of gravity is infinite. The reason this is so is represented in the graph above. Before I decided to plot the points, I had to make horizontal and vertical line to make the axis for my drawing. Then I put my points on the graph and perform whatever mathematical gyrations on these points as I desire. But the most important point to realize is that I made my coordinate system "outside the time" of the problem itself. My coordinate systems acts at an infinite speed in relationship to the problem, because the problem never asks the question of how fast I drew the axis before I plotted the points.

But nature never has the convenience of having an already established coordinate system. In nature, gravity has to do all this work in "real time." Thus the speed of gravity must be much faster than the speed of light or any other "thing" that moves within its gravitational system. But the speed of gravity can't be infinite or it would exist "outside of time." So the reason we have frame dragging is because mankind is using the connections of gravity to determine the position of the moon. Mankind assumes these connections are straight lines and thus makes his calculations based on that assumption. Thus when he calculates the position of the moon in every progressively stronger gravitational fields, he sees that his calculations get off my more and more. But from natures viewpoint, as gravity gets stronger and stronger, the gravions connecting the moon and the imaginary Earth that increases in size, it just means that there are more and stronger gravions holding the two together. And as they get stronger, each one hangs on to the moon a little more than a gravion that is weaker. Since we must use this bending system to move the light that we use to understand our cosmos, we see information coming to use that we assume is coming down a straight line, but actually it is coming down a bent gravion.

So the easy way to describe this whole situation is to imagine that gravions are like rubber bands that connect between different bodies. As a moon is flying over, different rubber bands are connecting and disconnecting between the surface of the two bodies. Stronger gravitational fields just mean stronger rubber bands and stronger rubber bands bend further before they break and the next connections occur.

I hope that you have understood my thoughts and I look forward to answering your questions in person at some point in space and time. I haven't forgotten our plans to make the world's best wines, but changing the world takes time and I am not yet ready to start, but maybe soon.

Your friend,